Sarah J. Townsend

Alternate email for non-official matters: sjtownsend178@gmail.com

My work centers on creating new narrative histories of capitalism by foregrounding the intersections among culture, politics, economics, and ecology. In addition to Spanish and Portuguese, I draw on materials in Italian, French, and (less frequently) German, and long ago I spent two years studying Yoruba, which continues to inform some of my teaching and research endeavors. Archival work is central to much of my work.

My current research and writing focus on the Amazon and have led me to engage with geohistory, world-ecology, and debates about natural resource extraction. My most pressing task at the moment is finishing the manuscript of a book whose working title isRio-mar, Mare internum: The Amazon and the Mediterranean in an Age of Empire. This project traces comparisons and connections between the Amazon and the Mediterranean during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It takes its cue from the fact that during the rubber boom, the Amazon was often referred to as the “Mediterranean of South America,” a moniker based in part on speculations by geographers and geologists that the Amazon River basin had once been an interior sea. In addition to shedding light on a crucial moment of transition in the capitalist world-system, Rio-mar, Mare internum illuminates the historical processes through which transnational regions are (re)configured—in particular, regions where economic and political power revolves around water. An article drawn from this project, “Venice in the Jungle: An Archetype of the Urban Amazon,” recently appeared in the journal Monde(s) as part of a special issue titled The Amazon: Towards a New Global History.

This manuscript is closely related to another book-in-progress called Opera in the Amazon: Culture, Capital, and the Global Jungle. This project revolves around the Teatro Amazonas, an opera house in Manaus, Brazil that was built in the late nineteenth century during the Amazonian rubber boom and is now the site of an annual opera festival. Opera in the Amazon examines the building’s history, productions performed on its stage (as well as other events such as political meetings), and films and literary works in which the theater appears. In doing so, it charts the changing dynamics of global capital from the vantage point of a region defined by natural resource extraction, and it challenges traditional cartographies of cultural creation and circulation by showing that opera has always been a global genre closely tied to the historical development of capitalism. In 2021-2022 I was in residence at the Newberry Library in Chicago working on this project with funding from an American Council of Learned Societies Frederick Burkhardt Fellowship for Recently Tenured Scholars.

My first monograph was The Unfinished Art of Theater: Avant-Garde Intellectuals in Mexico and Brazil (Northwestern UP, 2018), which was short-listed for the Modernist Studies Association First Book Prize and received an Honorable Mention for the Best Book in the Humanities Prize (2018) awarded by the Mexico Section of the Latin American Studies Association. In collaboration with Diana Taylor I also co-editedStages of Conflict: A Critical Anthology of Latin American Theater and Performance (U of Michigan P, 2008), and more recently Vinay Dharwadker and I co-edited a special issue of Comparative Literature Studies titled Redesigning Modernities: Infrastructures, Ecologies, and Emancipatory Openings (September 2023). I am a current member of the Editorial Collective of the journal Comparative Literature Studies and am engaged in another collaborative project as co-editor of the first two volumes of a monumental five-volume series titled A Cultural History of the Avant-Gardes in Latin America (under contract with Brill).

This last publication grew out of Redesigning Modernities, a collaborative grant-funded project led by the School of Global Languages and Literatures at Penn State that I coordinated in 2019-2020. More recently, I became director of the Latin American Studies Program and am now leading a major revision and expansion of the program in an effort to foster greater collaboration among the humanities, social sciences, sciences, and engineering. For several years I organized the annual Hemispheric Americas lecture series, as well as events such as a teach-in on fires in the Amazon and a lecture and workshop on “Black Narratives in Brazilian Comics” by the Brazilian graphic novelist Marcelo d’Salete.

TEACHING

My teaching includes graduate and undergraduate courses conducted in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, and I enjoy working with doctoral students on a wide range of projects grounded in Latin America and the Americas as a whole, as well as with students who have overlapping theoretical interests but concentrate on other parts of the world.

Graduate Seminars:

• Envisioning Nature on the Commodity Frontier
• Contemporary Latin American Fiction and Film: The Rural and the Wild in an Urban Age
• Race, Performance, and Possession in the Americas
• Brazil and Comparative Modernisms (x-listed with Comparative Literature)
• Amazonia and Extractivism
• History, Time, and the Contemporary Latin American Stage
• Latin American Modernisms and (Old) New Media

Undergraduate Courses:

• Introduction to Latin American and Caribbean Studies
• Silver and Gold: Art, Money, and Materials from the Earth
• Amazonian Ecologies
• Through the Looking Glass: Race in the United States and Brazil
• Culture and Social Struggle in the Amazon
• Avant-Garde Primitivisms
• Portuguese for Romance Language Speakers
• Mexi/Cali Noir
• Luso-Brazilian Theater Workshop

PUBLICATIONS

Books:

• The Unfinished Art of Theater: Avant-Garde Intellectuals in Mexico and Brazil (Northwestern UP, 2018)
• Co-editor with Diana Taylor, Stages of Conflict: A Critical Anthology of Latin American Theater and Performance (U of Michigan P, 2008)

Articles and Essays:

• “Venice in the Jungle: An Archetype of the Urban Amazon.” Monde(s). Histoires, Espaces, Relations special issue The Amazon: Towards a New Global History no. 29 (July 2026) – Open access coming soon
• “Oikos and Ecology in Theater of Capital.” Part of a forum on Alisa Zhulina’s Theater of Capital: Modern Drama and Economic Life in Modern Language Notes (Comparative Literature issue, December 2024)
• “Thinking through Performance Practices in Nineteenth-Century Latin America.” In Routledge Companion to Nineteenth-Century Latin America. Ed. Agnes Lugo-Ortiz and Graciela Montaldo. Routledge, 2024.
• Co-authored with Heather McCune Bruhn, “Gold Links: Teaching Culture through Commodity Chains.” Comparative Literature Studies special issue Redesigning Modernities: Infrastructures, Ecologies, and Emancipatory Openings 60.3 (September 2023): 460-474
• “Manaus.” In Latin American Literature in Transition, Vol. 3 (1870–1930). Ed. Fernando Degiovanni and Javier Uriarte. Cambridge UP (Cambridge UP, 2022).
• “Os elos do modernismo: Raça, música e política no palco do Theatro Municipal.” Special dossier on Modernismos ed. Bernardo Buarque de Holanda and César Braga-Pinto in Revista Brasileira de História 42.90 (May-August 2022): 125-147
• “Money Mazes, Media Machines, and Banana Republic Realisms.” American Literary History 31.4 (Winter 2019): 687-714
• “The Flight of the Bat: Theatrical (Re)production and the Unevenness of Modernism’s World Stage.” Modernism/Modernity Print+ Cluster titled ‘Modernism on the World Stage’ (October 15, 2019): https://modernismmodernity.org/forums/posts/flight-bat
• “The Siren’s Song; or, When an Amazonian Iara Sang Opera (in Italian) on a Belle Époque Stage.” Special issue of Latin American Theatre Review on Brazilian Theatre 52.2 (Spring 2019): 149-167
• “The Spectral Stage of Édouard Glissant’s Monsieur Toussaint.” Modern Drama 61.4 (Winter 2018): 501-525  [Winner of Modern Drama‘s Outstanding Article Prize for 2018]
• “Oswald de Andrade’s Os condenados and the Decay of the Amazonian Aura.” Journal of Lusophone Studies 3.2 (Fall 2018): 104-124
• “His Master’s Voice? A Hemispheric History of Phonographic Fictions.” Revista Hispánica Moderna 70.2 (December 2017): 197-216
• “Modernism’s Unfinished Stage: Theatre in Latin America.” In The Modernist World. Ed. Stephen Ross and Allana Lindgren. Routledge, 2015. pp. 417-425
• “Radio / Puppets, or the Institutionalization of a (Media) Revolution and the Afterlife of a Mexican Avant-Garde.” Cultural Critique 91 (Fall 2015): 32-71
• “De sobremesa, crónicas ‘revestidas de galas’ y el escenario ausente del modernismo hispanoamericano.” Revista iberoamericana 232–33 (July–December 2010): 939-956
• “Total Theater and the Missing Pieces of the Brazilian Avant-Garde.” Modernism/Modernity 16.2 (April 2009): 329-355
• “Black Indians and Savage Christians: Unmaking the ‘Other’ in the Performance of Conquest.” e–misférica 2.1 (April2005):http://hemi.es.its.nyu.edu/journal/2_1/townsend.html